Build the CPU from the ground up: ISA choices, RTL register transfers, single-cycle datapath, and hardwired vs microprogrammed control with examples. ISA vs Microarchitecture (what vs how) Register Transfer Level (RTL) Basics Registers: PC, general-purpose register file (e.g., 32 ×…
How CPU caches work: locality, set mapping, write policies, replacement, TLB, prefetching, and how to measure cache performance in practice. Locality & AMAT Cache Organization Replacement & Write Policies The TLB Connection Prefetching Measuring Cache Behavior (Lab) Quick Check (with…
CPU fetch–decode execute cycle, caches and memory hierarchy, virtual memory, the OS’s role, and how systems communicate over networks. Instruction Execution: Fetch → Decode → Execute Modern CPUs overlap these stages with pipelining and may issue multiple instructions per cycle…
Compilation System: understand how source code becomes machine code via preprocessing, compiling, assembling, linking, and loading. What is a Computer System? A computer system combines hardware (CPU, main memory, storage, I/O devices, buses) and software (OS, compilers, libraries, applications). Mental…